Molecular Plant Advance Access originally published online on June 23, 2008
Molecular Plant 2008 1(4):599-610; doi:10.1093/mp/ssn028
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Tapetum Degeneration Retardation is Critical for Aliphatic Metabolism and Gene Regulation during Rice Pollen Development
a Shanghai Jiao Tong University–Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences–Pennsylvania State University Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
b Instrumental Analysis Center of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: zhangdb{at}sjtu.edu.cn, fax 86–21–34204869, tel. 86–21–34205073.
As a complex wall system in flowering plants, the pollen outer wall mainly contains aliphatic sporopollenin; however, the mechanism for synthesizing these lipidic precursors during pollen development remains less well understood. Here, we report on the function of the rice tapetum-expressing TDR (Tapetum Degeneration Retardation) gene in aliphatic metabolism and its regulatory role during rice pollen development. The observations of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses suggested that pollen wall formation was significantly altered in the tdr mutant. The contents of aliphatic compositions of anther were greatly changed in the tdr mutant revealed by GC–MS (gas chromatography–mass spectrometry) testing, particularly less accumulated in fatty acids, primary alcohols, alkanes and alkenes, and an abnormal increase in secondary alcohols with carbon lengths from C29 to C35 in tdr. Microarray data revealed that a group of genes putatively involved in lipid transport and metabolism were significantly altered in the tdr mutant, indicating the critical role of TDR in the formation of the pollen wall. Also, a wide range of genes (236 in total—154 up-regulated and 82 down-regulated) exhibited statistically significant expressional differences between wild-type and tdr. In addition to its function in promoting tapetum PCD, TDR possibly plays crucial regulatory roles in several basic biological processes during rice pollen development.
Key Words: tapetum • pollen wall • aliphatic metabolism • microarray • gene expression • rice
2 These authors contributed equally to this work.
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